Short answer: Decibels add or subtract, not multiply or divide, when calculating gain and loss in a system.
Long answer:
Total insertion loss is calculated from the input to a single output and assumes that all outputs are equal unless otherwise specified.
Split once (two outputs), each is down about 3.5 dB from the input.
Split each of those outputs again, you have four outputs, each down about 7 dB from the original input.
Split each of those yet again, you now have eight outputs, each down about 10.5 dB from the original input signal power level.
Easy, eh?
Last edited by ADTech; 14-Jan-2015 at 11:12 PM.
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