Thank you for resizing the photo; much easier to read the posts.
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How close can it get to the top antenna before they affect each other?
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The general rule is 1/2 wavelength for the lowest frequency used. See the attachment.
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Does the direction they are pointed have any connection to how close they can be?
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Yes, when the elements are parallel to each other the interaction is greatest because the coupling is the greatest. When the elements are at right angles, the interaction is minimum.
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I am considering that, but does anyone know if removing reflectors has ramifications on signal strength, or multipath rejection?
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Removing the reflectors makes the antenna bi-directional. but costs you about 3 dB in gain; there is no free lunch.
Removing the reflectors probably will not change the multipath caused by the scattering of the signal as it passes through the trees, but the antenna will be less able to reject multipath reflections from other directions.
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I don't know if it was right, but I just clamped the antenna directly to the leg of the tower.
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For minimum interaction, the tower should be behind the reflector; IOW
incoming signal > bowtie elements > reflector > tower